New Study Shows Virtual Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Reduces Suicide Risk in High-Risk Adults

As suicide rates continue to climb worldwide, mental health researchers are exploring innovative ways to reach those at risk. A new study from Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and College of Medicine has found that delivering brief cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) via video telehealth significantly reduces suicide attempts and suicidal thoughts in high-risk adults. Published in JAMA Network Open, this groundbreaking study marks the first randomized clinical trial to assess the effectiveness of remote CBT in suicide prevention.

Telehealth’s Impact on Suicide Prevention

The study, conducted from 2021 to 2023, involved 96 adults in the United States who had recently experienced suicidal thoughts or behavior. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either brief cognitive behavioral therapy—a targeted approach focused on managing distressing emotions and negative thoughts—or present-centered therapy, which emphasizes adaptive responses to stress. Results showed that CBT led to significant reductions in suicide attempts compared to the present-centered approach, which itself is known to alleviate depressive and suicidal symptoms. Both treatments led to reductions in suicidal ideation, underscoring the benefit of structured telehealth interventions.

Ohio State clinical psychologist and study lead Justin C. Baker, Ph.D., noted that the shift to telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic spurred the need for research into virtual treatments for high-risk patients. Traditionally, these patients were considered unsuitable for remote care due to safety concerns. However, Baker and his team sought a solution to ensure continuity of care for vulnerable individuals during the pandemic. This trial provides new evidence that virtual CBT can be both a safe and effective option for reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

Extending Access to Evidence-Based Care

This study holds profound implications for mental health care accessibility, especially for individuals in remote or underserved regions. Many therapists have retained a telehealth component post-pandemic, potentially opening doors to essential treatment for those who may otherwise struggle to access in-person care. Craig Bryan, Psy.D., a co-investigator and director of Ohio State's Suicide Prevention Program, emphasized that this study could drive the adoption of telehealth treatments in settings where mental health resources are scarce.

The findings also contribute to a growing body of evidence supporting CBT for suicide prevention, not only as an alternative to in-person therapy but as a potentially life-saving intervention that can be adapted for remote delivery. With suicide continuing to pose a major public health risk, this study suggests that telehealth options could play a critical role in reducing barriers to treatment and reaching those most in need.